When Depression Turns Inward: How Self-Stigma Can Get in the Way of Treatment and Recovery
How self-stigma can shape help-seeking, disclosure, treatment engagement, self-esteem, empowerment, and recovery in Major Depressive Disorder.

How self-stigma can shape help-seeking, disclosure, treatment engagement, self-esteem, empowerment, and recovery in Major Depressive Disorder.
Build from atoms and ions to neural signalling, synapses, and brain function.
Understand what electrical potential means and why voltage describes stored electrical potential energy.
Start with atoms β the basic building blocks behind chemistry, biology, and neurobiology.
Understand electrical charge, attraction, repulsion, and why electricity matters in neurobiology.
Use simple physical analogies to understand gradients, forces, and why particles move.
Understand what actually propagates during an action potential and why ions themselves do not travel the entire length of the axon.
Learn how atoms become ions by gaining or losing electrons, and why ions are essential in neurobiology.
Learn how refractory periods and voltage-gated sodium channel inactivation make action potentials propagate primarily in one direction.
Explore what salts are, how they separate into ions in water, and why dissolved ions are essential for the nervous system.